OUR MENSTRUAL CYCLE

OUR MENSTRUAL CYCLE

A healthy menstrual cycle is an important aspect in women's physiology as it reflects the proper functioning of the reproductive organs. There are 4 phases in the menstrual cycle. Each phase relates to a dynamic change within the female body.

1. Menstruation
2. Post Period
3. Ovulation
4. Pre -Menstruation

With each phase different hormones are triggered and this causes the body to respond in different ways. Modern physiologists describe the menstrual cycle in terms of hormones made by the ovaries (estrogen & progesterone) and their actions on the follicles, the tubes, the endometrium (lining) and the uterus. In Chinese Medicine we talk about the involvement of Qi & Blood with the influence of Yin/Yang.



The average menstrual cycle is 28 but can range from 24-35 days.

Day 1-5: Menstruation
Day 1 is the considered the first day of the 28 day cycle. If an egg has not been fertilized it disintegrates. Low levels of both estrogen & progesterone during this phase cause the endometrium (lining of the uterus) to break down and shed in the form of menstrual blood. Bleeding last an average of 5 days.
Note: if your period begins in the evening ie 5pm or during the night 3am then Day 1 is taken from the next day.
The nature of the menstrual flow and its accompanying symptoms are all significant in pinpointing any glitches in the movement of qi and blood. Any obstructions to the menstrual flow can have implications for infertility. The timely arrival and departure of the period is therefore crucial to the transition, growth and decline between yin & yang and the interplay of qi and blood.

Days 1-13: Follicular Phase
Early in the menstrual cycle the pituitary gland in the brain produces rising amounts of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) which acts on the ovaries to promote the development of several follicles, each one containing an egg. Only one follicle will reach maturity. Toward the end of this phase, the ovaries secrete increasing levels of estrogen which causes the uterine lining to begin thickening in preparation for a potential fertilized egg.

Days 10-18: Ovulatory Phase
The pituitary gland and hypothalamus release a surge of lutenizing hormone (LH) about midway through the cycle. This causes the mature follicle to bulge out from the surface of the ovary and burst, releasing the egg. Ovulation usually occurs around day 14 of the cycle. The egg then begins to travel down the fallopian tube into the uterus. This is the time woman are most likely to fall pregnant.

Day 15-28: Luteal Phase
After releasing the egg, the ruptured follicle develops into a structure called the corpus luteum (an endocrine body), which secretes increasing amounts of progesterone. The corpus luteum is the only structure which produces the hormone progesterone in large quantities. The progesterone causes the endometrium to thicken further and prepare to support embryonic development. If the egg is fertilized, the corpus luteum begins to produce chrionic gonadotropin (HCG) pregnancy hormone which maintains the corpus luteum and its progesterone secretion. The egg moves to the uterus and attaches itself to the endometrium about six or seven days after ovulation, where it begins to develop into a fetus.

If the egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum degenerates after about 14 days and levels of progesterone and estrogen drop. This causes the endometrium to break down and shed, and a new menstrual cycle begins.

The Advantages of Acupuncture during IVF treatment and Natural Fertility

Acupuncture works in the following ways:

1. Acupuncture can increase blood flow to the reproductive organs, which dramatically improves a woman’s response to hormonal therapy.

2. Acupuncture has been shown to regulate hormone levels by moderating the release of beta endorphins levels in the brain, which improves the release of gonadotrophin releasing hormone by the hypothalamus, follicle stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland and oestrogen and progesterone levels from the ovary.

3. Acupuncture reduces stress and a hyperactive sympathetic nervous system response.

4. Acupuncture has been speculated to moderate cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin levels in the uterus, reducing uterine motility to improve implantation rates.

5. Herbs nourish the blood, whilst acupuncture moves qi, which facilitates the movement of blood. It has been claimed that some herbal formulas produce high clinical pregnancy rates as well as improve the general wellbeing of patients.

The following descriptions below will describe how acupuncture can integrate with Western Medicine. Each point is directly linked to the points above.

1. There needs to be adequate blood flow to the developing ovarian follicle. This is essential to the initiation and maintenance of normal human pregnancy. Doppler ultrasound evaluation of uterine and ovarian blood flow has demonstrated that improved blood flow in either vascular system is associated with improved fertility outcomes. Women who respond poorly to ovarian stimulation for IVF have compromised blood flow to their ovarian follicles.

2. There are 4 phases in the menstrual cycle. During each phases various hormones are released. The most common cause of infertility is hormonal imbalance.
3. From a Western Medicine perspective, people who are under stress release the hormone cortisol in the brain. Cortisol alters the brain’s neurochemical balance thus changing hormone levels and disrupting the pituitary balance, which is the key to the reproductive cycle. Because of this delicate balance between the hypothalamus, pituitary and reproductive glands, stress is capable of preventing a woman from ovulating entirely.

4. For IVF transfers and implantations the endometrium needs to be of particular
density and thickness for successful implantations and fertilization. The uterus therefore needs to be in a relaxed state.

5. The menses is based on the condition of the blood.

If you would like to know more you can read the clinic study on the "impact of acupuncture on in vitro fertilization outcome". Click the following link or paste:
http://www.eufom.com/Articles/acupuncture%20&%20IVF2.pdf